Talking about the last papers we handed in. Also about the Sniffy paperPaper needs a running heading, started with “Running head:”. Running head needs to be left aligned. Then an abstract. Title, then titled subsections: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. Introduction is not titled “Introduction”, but all other subsections are titled with section type. After written sections, figures. Pull these from Sniffy program. Then, reference page. Reference Sniffy manual and textbook.
When reinforcing behavior, you can lower the reinforcement schedule. If you do it gradually, you can get a subject to put out a tremendous amount of effort for reward.
If you reinforce on a time schedule, i.e. only one reinforcement in every X amount of time, you’ll see the subject wait until close to the end of the time period, and then perform the behavior with increasing frequency, and then wait again.
Contingencies work whether they’re real or imagined. That is, if you do something, and you get a reinforcing stimulus, it’s still reinforcing that behavior, even if it’s disconnected.
Noncontingent reinforcement can cause behavior changes. Noncontingent reinforcement can, then, become accidental reinforcement. This can cause long chains of behavior to develop, as different behaviors are reinforced.